Cybercrime and Cyber Security Law
Cybercrime involves computers as tools, targets, or incidental to offences.
Types
Against individuals (identity theft, stalking, phishing), property (hacking, malware, ransomware), organisations (data breaches, DDoS), state (cyber terrorism, warfare).
Hacking
Unauthorized access. White hat (ethical), black hat (malicious), grey hat. Criminalised regardless of intent.
Online Fraud
Phishing, advance fee scams, credit card fraud, identity theft. Severe penalties.
Cyber Terrorism
Technology to cause fear targeting critical infrastructure. International cooperation needed.
Nepal's ETA
Defines cybercrimes: unauthorized access, data damage, fraud, illegal publication, identity theft. Fines to imprisonment.
Security Frameworks
NIST CSF, ISO 27001, CIS Controls. Legal compliance requires appropriate security measures.
Summary
Understanding cybercrime types and legal provisions is essential for prevention and compliance.