Chapter 6 1 min read
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Multimedia Compression

Multimedia Technology · BCA · Updated Apr 23, 2026

Table of Contents

Multimedia Compression

Compression reduces data size for storage and transmission. Without it, multimedia is impractical.

Redundancy Types

Statistical (frequency), spatial (neighbouring pixels), temporal (consecutive frames), psychovisual/psychoacoustic (imperceptible info).

Lossless

RLE, Huffman coding, LZW (GIF, ZIP), arithmetic coding. Preserves all original data.

Lossy

Transform coding (DCT, wavelet), quantisation. Higher quantisation = smaller file = lower quality.

JPEG

RGB→YCbCr, chrominance subsampling, 8×8 DCT, quantisation, zigzag, Huffman coding. Quality 1-100.

MPEG

MPEG-1 (VCD), MPEG-2 (DVD), MPEG-4/H.264 (internet), MPEG-H/H.265 (next gen).

Metrics

Compression ratio, bit rate, PSNR, SSIM. Rate-distortion curves show quality-size trade-off.

Summary

Compression is essential for practical multimedia. Understanding lossless/lossy techniques and standards enables informed decisions.

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