Chapter 3 1 min read
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Digital Images and Graphics

Multimedia Technology · BCA · Updated Apr 23, 2026

Table of Contents

Digital Images and Graphics

Digital images are visual representations stored as data.

Raster vs Vector

Raster: pixel grids, photographic detail, lose quality on scaling. Vector: mathematical shapes, scale without loss, ideal for logos.

Resolution and Colour Depth

Resolution: width×height pixels. DPI for print (300 typical). Colour depth: 1-bit to 32-bit (true colour + alpha).

Colour Models

RGB (screens, additive), CMYK (print, subtractive), HSV/HSL (intuitive), YCbCr (video/JPEG).

Image Formats

JPEG (lossy, photos), PNG (lossless, transparency), GIF (animation), SVG (vector, web), TIFF, WebP.

Processing

Resizing, cropping, colour adjustment, filtering, compositing. Photoshop, GIMP, Inkscape.

Compression

Lossless (PNG) vs lossy (JPEG, DCT-based). Quality vs file size trade-off.

Summary

Digital images form the visual foundation of multimedia.

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